MARX'S CONCEPT OF MAN IN MUSLIM SCHOLARS PERSPEKTIVE
Abstract
This paper analyzed the human concept according to Marxism in the view of Muslim thinkers. This paper was made because of the reading of material-based Marxist concepts and out from the transcendent elements, including in view of human beings. For this reason Marxism is very necessary to be seen from the perspective of human concepts according to Muslim thinkers who are represented by groups of Muslim philosophers and groups of mufassir. The results of this result showed that the main different and criticism of Marxism is his thinking that humanity is the result of his own creation based on materials. This refers to the idea of man-centered, autonomous, physical-biological man, without sou. Human life depends on maerials,it does not depend on things which are supernatural like God so that man must be united with nature. Marx's view of man is very different from the concept of man according to Muslim thinkers. According to them, man was created by his Lord and deeply connected with God. Besides they have physical elements, humans also have elements of the soul or nafs which very dependent on God. Humans made the Khalifah to control nature as a medium of worship to God.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abdul Ba>qi, Muh}ammad Fu'ad, Mu'jam al-Mufarras Li al-Fa>z al-Qur'an al-Kari>m Cet. II; T.t.: Da>r al-Fikr, 1981/1401
Achmad, Firdaus, “Marxisme dan Islam, Bagaimana Manusia diperikan?” dalam jurnal Khatulistiwa-Journal of Islamic Studies, Volume 3, Nomor 2, September 2013
al-Ans}a>ri, Jamaluddi>n ibn Hisyam, Mugni> al-Labi>b, jilid I, t.tp: Syarikat Nu>r al-S|aqafat al-Isla>miyat, t.th.
al-Fairuzabadi, Abu> Tahi>r Muh}ammad ibn Ya'qu>b, Tanwi>r al-Miqbas Min Tafsi>r ibn Abbas,Beiru>t: Da>r al-Fikr, t.th.
Al-Ghaza>li>, Mizan al-‘Amal, Kairo: Da>r al-Ma’a>rif, 1961
al-Qurt}ubi>, Abu>‘Abdilla>h Muh{ammad Ibn Ah{mad, Al-Jami' Li Ah}ka>m al-Qur'an, Juz.XV, Mesir: Da>r al-Katib al-‘Arabi>, 1976
al-Syaukani, Muh}ammad Ali ibn, Fath} al-Qadir al-Jami' baina al-Riwa>yah wa al-Dira>ya min 'Ilm al-Tafsi>r. Juz II, Cet. I: Bairu>t Da>r al-Kutu>b al-Ilmiyah, 1994/1415
al-Syaukani, Muh}ammad ibn Ali Muh}ammad, Al-Fath} al-Qadir, Juz I, Bairu>t: Da>r al-Fikr, t.th.
al-Wah{idi>, Abu> al-H{asanIbn Ah}mad,Asba>b al-Nuzu>l,Ju II, Mesir: Mustafa al-Ba>b al-Halabi, 1386/1986
al-Zamakhsyari, Mah}mud ibn ‘Umar, al-Faiq fi> Garib al-H{adis, Juz III, Mesir: Da>r al-Fikr, 1399
Anis, Ibrahim, (et.al), al-Mu'jam al-Wasit},Juz II Cet. I,Beiru>t: Da>r al-Fikr, t.th
Anis, Lois, al-Munjid fi al-Lugah wa al-adab wa al-‘Ulu>m, Bairu>t: Katulikiyat, t.th
Bakker, Anton, Antropologi Metafisik, Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius, 2000
Bekker, Anton; Zubair, Achmad Charis, Metodologi Penelitian Filsafat, Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 2000
Fromm, Erich, Konsep Manusia Menurut Marx, Judul asli: Marx’s Concept of Man, terj. Agung Prihantoro, Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2002.
G. Mayer,Cf. Alfred, Marxisme: The Unity of Theory and Practice, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1954
Giddens, Anthony, Kapitalisme dan teori Sosial Modern, (Jakarta: UI-Press, 2007)
Gould, Carol C., Marx’s Social Ontologi,New York: The Massachutsetts Institute of Technology, 1978
Hamka, KeadilanSosialdalam Islam, Jakarta: GemaInsani, 2015
Hamka, Tafsir al-Azhar, Jilid. I, Juz. 2, Jakarta: Pustaka Panjimas, 1982
Hamka, Dari HatiKeHati, Jakarta: Gema Insani, 2016
IbnFaris, IbnFarisAbi> al-H{usain Ah}mad, Mu'jam Maqa>yis al-Lugat,Juz IV, Cet. I; Bairu>t Da>rl-Fikr, t. th.
IbnKasir, Abu> al-Fida> Ismail,Tafsi>r al-Qur'an al-‘Az}i>m,Juz IV, t.tp: Al-Haramain, t.th.
Marx, Karl, Capital: A Critical Analysis of Capitalis Production Vol. I, Moscow: Foreign Langues Pubishing House, 1959
Marx, Karl, On Economis, ed. Robert Freedman, Victoria, Penguin Books, 1962
Marx; Engels, on Religion, Moscow:ForeignLanguesPublishinng House, 1957
Nasution, M. Yasir, “Telaah Signifikansi Konsep Manusia Menurut al-Ghaza>li>”, dalam jurnal Miqot, Volume XXXV, Nomor 2, Juli-Desember, 2011
Rachman, BudhyMunawar, EnsiklopediNurcholisMadjid, Bandung: Mizan, 2006
Ramli, Andy Muawiyah, Peta Pemikiran Karl Marx, Materialisme Dialektis dan Materialisme Historis, Yogyakarta: Lkis, 2004
Reza, Syah, “Konsep Nafs Menurut Ibnu Sina”, Jurnal Kalimah, Volume 12 Nomor 2, September 2014
Ritzer, George,J.Goodman, Douglas, Teori Sosiologi, dari Teori Sosiologi Klasik sampai perkembangan Mutakhir Teori Post Modern, terj. Nurhadi, Yogyakarta: Kreasi Wacana, 2008
Ritzer, George; Goodman, Douglas J., Teori Sosiologi, dari teori sosiologi klasik sampai perkembangan mutakhir teori sosial post modern, terj. Nurhadi, Yogyakarta: Kreasi Wacana, 2009
Salim, Abd. Muin, "HakAsasiManusiadalam Al-Qur'an", dalamIslam danPerdamaian Global, ed. AzharArsyaddkk, Yogyakarta: Kerjasama IAIN Alauddin Makassar, TAF, Madyan Press, 2002
Salim, Abd. Muin, KonsepsiKekuasaanPolitikdalam al-Qur'an Cet. II, Jakarta: GrafindoPersada, 1995
Sastrapratedja, M., Manusia, Teka-Teki yang Mencari Solusi, edt: A. Setyo Wibowo, Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius, 2009
Shihab, Quraish, Membumikan Al-Qur’an: Fungsi dan Peran Wahyu Dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat, Bandung: Mizan, 1992
Shihab, Quraish, Wawasan al-Qur'an,Cet.V,Bandung: Mian, 1997
Tim Lintas Media, Kamus Al-Akbar Arab-Indonesia, Indonesia-Arab, Jombang: Lintas Media, 2002
Van Peuresen, C.A., Licham-Ziel-Geest, Inleiding tot een Wijsgerige Antropologie. Terjemahan Dick Hatoko. Tubuh Jiwa Roh, Sebuah Pengantar dalam filsafat Manusia, Jakarta: BPK GunungMulia, 1981
Wadaya, SJ, Baskara T. Marx Muda, Marxisme berwajah Manusia,Yogyakarta: Buku Baik, 2003
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/klm.v12i1.2392
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2018 KALAM
KALAM [ISSN: 0853-9510, e-ISSN: 2540-7759] published by Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung, Indonesia in collaboration with Asosiasi Aqidah dan Filsafat Islam (Islamic Theology and Philosophy Association).
Office: Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Study, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung. Letkol H. Endro Suratmin Street, Sukarame, Bandar Lampung, Lampung, Indonesia, Postal code 34513. Website: http://ejournal.radenintan.ac.id/index.php/kalam, Email: kalam@radenintan.ac.id.
This journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.