Hukum Keluarga di Pakistan (Antara Islamisasi dan Tekanan Adat)

Muhammad Atho Mudzhar

Abstract


Abtract: Family Law In Pakistan (Islamization and Custom Pressure). This article outlines how family law Islamization in Pakistan which includes the issue of the minimum age of marriage, registration of marriage, the amount of dowry, divorce, polygamy, wife livelihood rights, and inheritance was implemented. Furthermore, a comparison is done vertically with the books of fiqh and horizontally with other countries, especially Indonesia. After Pakistan’s independence in 1947 and asserted itself as an Islamic state, Islamisation in family law was controled by Muslim Family Law Ordinance (MFLO) published in 1961 under President Ziaul Haq. Although it has implemented the Islamic constitution, the debate between conservatives and modernists on family law matter still persists. Most of the family law background has shifted from fiqh by implementing imprisonment and / or fines for violation. Therefore it can not be called neither conservative nor secular like Turkey and Tunisia.
Keyword: Pakistan, Islamization, custom

 

Abstrak: Hukum Keluarga di Pakistan (Antara Islamisasi dan Tekanan Adat). Artikel ini menguraikan bagaimana Islamisasi hukum keluarga dilakukan di Pakistan yang meliputi persoalan batas minimal umur kawin, pencatatan perkawinan, pembatasan nilai mahar, proses perceraian, poligami, hak nafkah isteri, dan warisan. Selanjutnya dilakukan perbandingan secara vertikal dengan kitab-kitab fikih dan secara horizontal dengan negara lain, khususnya Indonesia. Setelah Pakistan merdeka pada tahun 1947 dan menegaskan dirinya sebagai Negara Islam, Islamisasi hukum keluarga diatur dalam Muslim Family Law Ordinance (MFLO) tahun 1961 yang diterbitkan pada pemerintahan Presiden Ziaul Haq. Walaupun telah menerapkan konstitusi Islam, perdebatan antara kelompok konservatif dan modernis tentang materi hukum keluarga tetap terjadi. Sebagian pengaturan hukum keluarga itu telah beranjak dari kitab fikih, bahkan memberikan ancaman hukuman penjara dan/atau denda atas pelanggarannya, karenanya tidak dapat disebut konservatif, meskipun tidak dapat pula dikatakan sekuler seperti yang dilakukan Turki dan Tunisia.
Kata Kunci: Pakistan, Islamisasi, adat


Keywords


Pakistan; Islamization; custom; Islamisasi; adat; hukum keluarga

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/adalah.v12i1.165

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